The A.S. Behavior of the Weighted Empirical Process and the LIL for the Weighted Tail Empirical Process

Abstract

The tail empirical process is defined to be for each $n \in \mathbb{N}, w_n(t) = (n/k_n)^{1/2}\alpha_n(tk_n/n), 0 \leq t \leq 1$, where $\alpha_n$ is the empirical process based on the first $n$ of a sequence of independent uniform (0,1) random variables and $\{k_n\}^\infty_{n=1}$ is a sequence of positive numbers with $k_n/n \rightarrow 0$ and $k_n \rightarrow \infty$. In this paper a complete description of the almost sure behavior of the weighted empirical process $a_n\alpha_n/q$, where $q$ is a weight function and $\{a_n\}^\infty_{n=1}$ is a sequence of positive numbers, is established as well as a characterization of the law of the iterated logarithm behavior of the weighted tail empirical process $w_n/q$, provided $k_n/\log\log n \rightarrow \infty$. These results unify and generalize several results in the literature. Moreover, a characterization of the central limit theorem behavior of $w_n/q$ is presented. That result is applied to the construction of asymptotic confidence bands for intermediate quantiles from an arbitrary continuous distribution.