Contraction and uniform convergence of isotonic regression

Abstract

We consider the problem of isotonic regression, where the underlying signal $x$ is assumed to satisfy a monotonicity constraint, that is, $x$ lies in the cone $\{x\in \mathbb{R}^{n}:x_{1}\leq \dots\leq x_{n}\}$. We study the isotonic projection operator (projection to this cone), and find a necessary and sufficient condition characterizing all norms with respect to which this projection is contractive. This enables a simple and non-asymptotic analysis of the convergence properties of isotonic regression, yielding uniform confidence bands that adapt to the local Lipschitz properties of the signal.