The purpose of this paper is to obtain some inequalities and certain bounds for the dimension of the c-nilpotent multiplier of finite dimensional nilpotent Lie algebras and their factor Lie algebras. Also, we give an inequality for the dimension of the c-nilpotent multiplier of L connected with dimension of the Lie algebras ${\gamma _d}(L)$ and $L/{Z_{d - 1}}(L)$. Finally, we compare our results with the previously known result.

This article presents basic notions of Lie theory in the context of matrix groups with goals of minimizing the required mathematical background and maximizing accessibility. It is structured with exercises that enhance the text and make the notes suitable for (part of) an introductory course at the upper level undergraduate or early graduate level. Indeed the notes were originally written as part of an introductory course to geometric control theory.

The theory of hyperstructures can offer to the Lie-Santilli Theory a variety of models to specify the mathematical representation of the related theory. In this paper we focus on the appropriate general hyperstructures, especially on hyperstructures with hyperunits. We define a Lie hyperalgebra over a hyperfield as well as a Jordan hyperalgebra, and we obtain some results in this respect. Finally, by using the concept of fundamental relations we connect hyper algebras to Lie algebras and Lie-Santilli-addmissible algebras.

The nonlinear equations of heat and mass transfer in two-dimensional free-convection, laminar, boundary layer flow of a viscous incompressible fluid over a vertical plate with thermophoresis and heat generation effect have been considered. We apply Lie-group method for determining symmetry reductions of partial differential equations. Liegroup method starts out with a general infinitesimal group of transformations under which the given partial differential equations are invariant. The determining equations are a set of linear differential equations, the solution of which gives the transformation function or the infinitesimals of the dependent and independent variables. After the group has been determined, a solution to the given partial differential equations may be found from the invariant surface condition such that its solution leads to similarity variables that reduce the number of independent variables of the system. The effect of the heat generation parameter He, the Prandtl number Pr, the Schimted number Sc, the thermophoretic parameter $\tau $, the solutal Grashof number Gc and the thermal Grashof number Gr on velocity, concentration and temperature have been studied and the results are plotted.

In studies of Pittmann, we showed that a loop in a simply connected compact Lie group has a unique Birkhoff (or triangular) factorization if and only if the loop has a unique root subgroup factorization (relative to a choice of a reduced sequence of simple reflections in the affine Weyl group). In this paper our main purpose is to investigate Birkhoff and root subgroup factorization for loops in a noncompact semisimple Lie group of Hermitian symmetric type. In literature of caine, we showed that for an element of, i.e. a constant loop, there is a unique Birkhoff factorization if and only if there is a root subgroup factorization. However for loops in, while a root subgroup factorization implies a unique Birkhoff factorization, the converse is false. As in the compact case, root subgroup factorization is intimately related to factorization of Toeplitz determinants.

In this paper we generalize two structure theorems of the class of Lie algebras to the class of fuzzy Lie algebras, namely the structure theorem of semisimple Lie algebras and the Levi’s decomposition theorem. Some open questions are also given.

There exists two types of nonassociative algebras whose associator satisfies a symmetric relation associated with a 1-dimensional invariant vector space with respect to the natural action of the symmetric group ${\Sigma _3}$. The first one corresponds to the Lie-admissible algebras and this class has been studied in a previous paper of Remm and Goze. Here we are interested by the second one corresponding to the third power associative algebras.

The Lie group method is applied to study the diffusion process of drugs across a biological membrane which tends to partially absorb the drug. For the diffusion coefficient, we considered two cases. The Lie group analysis is based on reducing the number of independent variables by one, and consequently the mathematical model described by nonlinear partial differential equation to, covers the diffusion process with the boundary and initial conditions, and is transformed into an ordinary differential equation with the corresponding conditions. The obtained nonlinear ordinary differential equation is solved numerically using the ${4^{th}}$ and ${5^{th}}$ Runge Kutta method, and the results are illustrated graphically and in tables too.

First we discuss the background of the issue to Lie algebras. We also show the relationship of our problem and A.V. Mikhalev’s problem. The main result is proved for Lie algebras. We then consider the $\Omega $-group".

In this note some recent developments in the study of homology in semi-abelian categories are briefly presented. In particular the role of protoadditive functors in the study of Hopf formulae for homology is explained.