Bohr sets and multiplicative Diophantine approximation

Abstract

In two dimensions, Gallagher’s theorem is a strengthening of the Littlewood conjecture that holds for almost all pairs of real numbers. We prove an inhomogeneous fiber version of Gallagher’s theorem, sharpening and making unconditional a result recently obtained conditionally by Beresnevich, Haynes, and Velani. The idea is to find large generalized arithmetic progressions within inhomogeneous Bohr sets, extending a construction given by Tao. This precise structure enables us to verify the hypotheses of the Duffin–Schaeffer theorem for the problem at hand, via the geometry of numbers.