The Motion of a Tagged Particle in the Simple Symmetric Exclusion System on $Z$

Abstract

Consider a system of particles moving on the integers with a simple exclusion interaction: each particle independently attempts to execute a simple symmetric random walk, but any jump which would carry a particle to an already occupied site is suppressed. For the system running in equilibrium, we analyze the motion of a tagged particle. This solves a problem posed in Spitzer's 1970 paper "Interaction of Markov Processes." The analogous question for systems which are not one-dimensional, nearest-neighbor, and either symmetric or one-sided remains open. A key tool is Harris's theorem on positive correlations in attractive Markov processes. Results are also obtained for the rightmost particle in the exclusion system with initial configuration $Z^-$, and for comparison systems based on the order statistics of independent motions on the line.