## The Annals of Applied Statistics

### Joint modeling of longitudinal drug using pattern and time to first relapse in cocaine dependence treatment data

#### Abstract

An important endpoint variable in a cocaine rehabilitation study is the time to first relapse of a patient after the treatment. We propose a joint modeling approach based on functional data analysis to study the relationship between the baseline longitudinal cocaine-use pattern and the interval censored time to first relapse. For the baseline cocaine-use pattern, we consider both self-reported cocaine-use amount trajectories and dichotomized use trajectories. Variations within the generalized longitudinal trajectories are modeled through a latent Gaussian process, which is characterized by a few leading functional principal components. The association between the baseline longitudinal trajectories and the time to first relapse is built upon the latent principal component scores. The mean and the eigenfunctions of the latent Gaussian process as well as the hazard function of time to first relapse are modeled nonparametrically using penalized splines, and the parameters in the joint model are estimated by a Monte Carlo EM algorithm based on Metropolis–Hastings steps. An Akaike information criterion (AIC) based on effective degrees of freedom is proposed to choose the tuning parameters, and a modified empirical information is proposed to estimate the variance–covariance matrix of the estimators.

#### Article information

Source
Ann. Appl. Stat., Volume 9, Number 3 (2015), 1621-1642.

Dates
Revised: May 2015
First available in Project Euclid: 2 November 2015

https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.aoas/1446488754

Digital Object Identifier
doi:10.1214/15-AOAS852

Mathematical Reviews number (MathSciNet)
MR3418738

Zentralblatt MATH identifier
06526001

#### Citation

Ye, Jun; Li, Yehua; Guan, Yongtao. Joint modeling of longitudinal drug using pattern and time to first relapse in cocaine dependence treatment data. Ann. Appl. Stat. 9 (2015), no. 3, 1621--1642. doi:10.1214/15-AOAS852. https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.aoas/1446488754

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#### Supplemental materials

• Supplement A. The online supplementary material for this paper contains the technical details of the MCEM algorithm to fit the model, estimation of the covariance matrix of the estimator, additional simulation results and sensitivity analysis in the real data analysis.