Tangle analysis of difference topology experiments: Applications to a Mu protein-DNA complex

Abstract

We develop topological methods for analyzing difference topology experiments involving $3$–string tangles. Difference topology is a novel technique used to unveil the structure of stable protein-DNA complexes. We analyze such experiments for the Mu protein-DNA complex. We characterize the solutions to the corresponding tangle equations by certain knotted graphs. By investigating planarity conditions on these graphs we show that there is a unique biologically relevant solution. That is, we show there is a unique rational tangle solution, which is also the unique solution with small crossing number.